Click the above image for the gallery on flickr cause the embed options all suck. Also all images are captioned with additional information not always included below
This past Thursday the weather and our schedules cooperated to finish our travels to Buffalo. Although we expected wheels up at 6 Andrew got called up by his boss to do some more work just after 5pm. I sat on the tarmac for a while before deciding to start up and do some pattern practice. I listened to ATIS and it told me the winds were 19kts – haha WAT. Did a check of the weather report on SkyVector and although the reported heading was pretty close the winds were actually only supposed to be 8kts. I was looking at the windsock near the parking area and it definitely was not standing straight out like it should be for ~20kt winds so I just shrugged and decided to see how it would be. Took off, flew a decent pattern with a better rollout to final and landed. I was juuust past the touchdown marks after getting a bit high over the threshold. Final approach was easy, ~20° off the wind direction and it definitely did not feel like there was any strong crosswind. Checking my landing report (nice and soft, baby!) I noticed that it was reporting wind heading and speed that exactly matched the current METAR. So the sim weather was right the ATIS was wrong! Interesting…
As I was taxiing off the runway just before 6pm Andrew finally showed up so I waited for him to finish getting ready. Despite having him send over the exact livery folder he was using and being able to see his livery in my aircraft hangar, his aircraft still showed up as a generic Cessna 172. Will have to continue looking into that but no time now. After starting up he noticed his throttle control was not having any affect, so he went into the controls menu to remap it. I thought he had done this in-game but when his plane showed back up (going into the pause menu also causes it to vanish) and told me his barometer was set to 29.92 I had a feeling he had instead backed out to the main menu. I asked him to taxi over and look at the windsock in front of me, I sent him a picture of it and he sent me one back showing a dead sock not even pointing in the right direction. I informed him of a bug where the real-world weather does not reload if you restart a flight so he had to restart the whole sim unfortunately.
Flight plan is available here, this is the second leg.
Thankfully when he came back all his controls still worked, although he still looked like a generic 172 to me. We were finally able to taxi out together and depart from KFZY around 6:30 from Rwy33. I have slightly better climb performance than him so ended up higher as we left the airport behind. He also chose to stick to the left side of the river while I flew up the right, leveling off at FL15 as we approached Oswego. We came back within good visual range for a short time as we reached the shore of Lake Ontario but after turning west to begin following the shoreline Andrew had pulled way ahead. Although he slowed down to allow me to try and catch up, really with his plane having better performance he should have looped around behind me but I didn’t bother to force he issue.
Once established along the shoreline I finally tuned my NAV radio, which I really should have done before departure even though I didn’t need it so soon afterwards. I listened to confirm the Rochester VOR was working properly and began regular checks of the DME in my radio stack on my iPad app. Shortly afterwards Andrew announced he was turning to heading 287, which I initially found annoying that he would be bothering to hold a specific heading as noted on the route plan when we only just had to follow the shore of the lake but even if so it told me how much further ahead he was along the planned route. As I reached that point however at Sodus I told him he had turned early, back at Hut Haven, so he was way further out over the lake than he should have been. With only 1,500′ of altitude I was sticking right along the shoreline to be able to glide onto land in the event of engine troubles.
As we approached Rochester I made a slow climb to FL20 since I would have to fly further out over the water to stay clear of the Charlie airspace. Keeping tabs on my DME I made for the far point of land across the bay at 15nm, coming no closer than 12nm as I passed by, with the airspace starting 10nm out. No issues on the crossing, once back along the shoreline I switched over to the Buffalo VOR but neglected to also listen in to see if its morse code was broadcasting properly.
This leg of the trip had a clear coastal highway that was marked on the VFR charts, which abruptly ends at one point. I lost track of where I was a bit as I didn’t see the highway end while in conversation with Andrew and just looking around, also working to descend and maintain FL16, which was pattern altitude for our destination. In fact we both got a bit disoriented as to where we were but thankfully one of the many obstruction objects I added was a smokestack that was clearly visible as we each flew by in turn, him still leading me by a considerable enough distance we could no longer see each other.
Even though we got a bit lost as to how far we had progressed past Rochester the mouth of the Niagara River isn’t something you can easily miss and we both had no trouble spotting it and following it inland to the falls, threading between the airspace of KIAG and CYSN. Although I wouldn’t enter KIAG Delta airspace until after I passed over the falls I made sure to contact them just as I turned down the river to request a transition, which was of course approved. Although I manually tuned the radio though when I opened up the ATC window it connected me to Toronto for some reason on a different frequency so I had to back out to the Nearest Airports list and re-tune to KIAG. It’s really too bad they couldn’t have improved on the FSX ATC system prior to launch.
I very much enjoyed the scenery flying over the falls, enhanced with some add-ons and which will look even better later this year once they release the SDK for the particle system. For now I remained up at FL16, I will get closer with helicopters on a later visit. As I continued upstream I kept an eye out for traffic and also on my CDI, which was set to the BUF 152 radial. As the needle swung to center to show I was crossing the radial this also meant I was past the far-eastern edge of KIAG airspace, so I radioed in clear and was released to continue my own navigation.
Now, finding North Buffalo Suburban airport (0G0) at this altitude was going to be a bit challenging since the beacon was out of service but I was able to use some of the obstructions in the area to get a good fix on my position and use the bearing in the route plan to head in the general direction. Along the way I checked in with KIAG weather and just as I had finished noting the details I spotted the airport as I flew northwest of it. Whoops! Wrong side! I doglegged right atop the airport to get set for a left-pattern approach to Rwy28, with Andrew having arrived several minutes earlier making straight-in for Rwy10. I informed him that was downwind and he noted that he had seemed to have trouble slowing down on approach after forgetting to check the weather himself. Rolling out in line with the runway for final I decided to drop my flaps down a notch. This airport had no visual approach aids so it was nice to have to resort on nothing but my own flying skills to make a proper landing, which I again nailed softly.
You can see the whole flight with this Google Earth KMZ.
Overall the flight for me went as planned. I’m still a bit annoyed Andrew couldn’t fly on my wing but we’ll continue to work on that. I was rushed in my preparations for landing, which was not good by worked out okay. Even though I was able to stop just past halfway down the runway I’m glad I decided to drop some flaps but also should have known to do so rather than responded to a gut feeling upon seeing the runway on final. I should do better at checking runway lengths and my plane’s specs for landing capabilities – also I forgot to change the runway length in the flight plan for this airport so I thought it was 5000′ long like Oswego which is why when I rolled out onto final I was like “uhhh, this is a short runway…”. Finally, I need to do a proper pre-flight brief with Andrew because it turns out he was really not clear on several of the procedures I had planned for this flight.
Tomorrow I hope we can make the whole hop from Buffalo to Cleveland!
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Осенняя защита сада от болезней и вредителей
Как правильно обработать сад осенью от болезней и вредителей для здоровья растений
Регулярно проводите обработку деревьев и кустарников специальными препаратами в осенний период. Такая активность позволит снизить вероятность развития вредителей и патологий в следующем сезоне. Применение системных инсектицидов и фунгицидов поможет создать защитный барьер.
Выбор времени для обработки важен – оптимально проводить его в конце сентября или начале октября, когда активность насекомых и споров грибков начинает снижаться. Препараты, содержащие медь, рекомендованы для профилактики грибковых инфекций. Обратите внимание на выбор препарата в зависимости от культуры. Например, для яблонь подходят средства с медью, а для кустарников – современные системные фунгициды.
Не забудьте также подготовить почву. Удаление растительных остатков и перекопка почвы обеспечат избавление от зимующих форм насекомых и спор. Если в саду замечены явные признаки заражений, нужно проводить более тщательную обработку. Культивируйте не только поверхности, но и проникайте вглубь почвы. Существуют специальные средства для обработки, которые цветут в процессе применения, помогая выявить проблемные зоны.
Профилактические меры также включают в себя правильный уход за растениями. Удобрения на основе органических веществ помогают повысить иммунитет растений, делая их менее восприимчивыми к патогенам. Правильный полив и обрезка секаторов – важные элементы. Не забудьте, что перегрев или переохлаждение корней также может сделать растения уязвимыми.
К тому же, проведите окончательную оценку состояния деревьев и кустарников. Если есть повреждения, обработайте места срезов специальными средствами для заживления, чтобы предотвратить попадание инфекции. Это действие защитит древесину от нежелательных организмов, таких как гнили или другие патогены.
Важно помнить о непрерывном мониторинге. Осенью проводится обязательный визуальный осмотр. Ищите поврежденные листья, стволы и корни. Так вы сможете быстро реагировать и предотвратить дальнейшее распространение проблем. Не игнорируйте мелкие проблемы; иногда они могут перерасти в серьезные.
Листья, которые опадают, лучше собирать и утилизовать. Разложение оставленных опавших остатков может привести к созданию благоприятной среды для болезней и вредителей. Важная задача – это создавать условия для укрепления здоровья растений, используя комплексный подход.
Как подготовить растения к зиме и уменьшить риск заболеваний
Удалите все опавшие листья вокруг растений. Это уменьшит количество спор грибков с возможными возбудителями инфекций на поверхности и в верхнем слое почвы.
Обработайте растения садовым фунгицидом в конце сезона. Используйте медьсодержащие препараты или серу, чтобы предотвратить развитие грибковых заболеваний в будущем.
Обрежьте больные и поврежденные части растений. Это поможет не только предотвратить распространение инфекций, но и усилит развитие новых побегов весной.
Регулярно проверяйте корни на наличие гнили. При необходимости удаляйте поврежденные корневища и пересаживайте растения в свежий грунт. Это освежит их и создаст более благоприятные условия для зимовки.
Замульчируйте почву около растений. Используйте листву, солому или специальный мульчирующий материал. Это поможет сохранить влажность и защитит корни от заморозков.
Обеспечьте достаточное количество влаги перед наступлением морозов. Правильно увлажненная почва меньше подвержена промерзанию и позволяет корням растений лучше переносить зимние условия.
Убедитесь, что корневая система имеет хороший дренаж. Плохой отток воды может привести к избыточной влажности и гниению. Если почва слишком тяжёлая, добавьте песок или компост.
Обратите внимание на укрытие более чувствительных растений. Используйте специальные агроволокна или лапник, чтобы защитить нежные экземпляры от холодных ветров и морозов.
Контролируйте уровень удобрений. Избыток азота в конце вегетационного периода может спровоцировать активное наращивание зелёной массы, которая не успевает подготовиться к зиме. Лучше использовать фосфорно-калийные удобрения, чтобы укрепить корни.
Проверяйте состояние изоляции у уязвимых видов. Важно, чтобы они были защищены от морозов, но без создания избыточной влажности. Учтите, что не каждое укрытие будет эффективным для каждого растения.
Подготовьте место для хранения контейнерных растений. Если они не смогут перенести зиму на улице, найдите светлое и прохладное место с низкой влажностью для их хранения.
Наблюдайте за изменениями в растениях после обработки. Своевременные меры помогут выявить отклонения и позволят внести корректировки в уход.
Регулярно проверяйте растения зимой. Убедитесь, что укрытие не повредило в результате морозов. Открывайте его в солнечные дни, чтобы растения могли «подышать» и не перегревались внутри.
Правильная подготовка к зиме способствует повышению устойчивости к болезням и улучшению общего состояния растений. Системный подход и внимание к нюансам помогут избежать множества проблем в будущем.
Методы борьбы с вредителями в осенний период
Регулярные осмотры участка на наличие насекомых – первый шаг к предотвращению проблем. Проверьте яблони на наличие плодожорки. Если вы заметили коричневатые точки на плодах, это сигнал к действию. Сбор и уничтожение поражённых летних плодов поможет сократить численность вредителей.
Народные методы могут оказаться эффективными. Например, настои из картофельной ботвы или лука могут выполнять функцию репеллентов. Отвар из чеснока также хорошо отпугивает некоторых насекомых. Нанесите такие растворы на листья и стволы деревьев.
Использование инсектицидов, предпочитающих органические составы, – важный момент. Пиретрум или мыльный раствор могут оказаться действенными, если следовать инструкциям по применению. Они также менее токсичны для пчёл и других полезных насекомых.
Не забывайте о наблюдении за муравьями. Если их популяция увеличивается, это может указывать на наличие других проблем. От следов муравьёв легко избавиться, используя борную кислоту. Разведите с водой и добавьте немного сахара – это привлечёт муравьёв и избавит участок от их присутствия.
Проведение механической обработки – ещё один способ. Используйте пылесос для удаления крупных вредителей с растений, если это возможно. Это особенно актуально для тли и паутинных клещей. Однако важно следить за тем, чтобы не повредить зелень.
Эфирные масла могут служить отличными репеллентами. Масло цитронеллы, эвкалипта или лаванды, разведённые в воде и распылённые на растениях, снизят вероятность нападения насекомых.
Обратите внимание на здоровье почвы. Избыток азота может привлекать вредителей. При осенней подкормке используйте составы с низким содержанием азота и повышенным содержанием фосфора и калия, чтобы укрепить растения и повысить их устойчивость.
Привлечение полезных насекомых, таких как божьи коровки и златоглазки, является простым и естественным методом. Они будут уничтожать тлю и других вредоносных существ. Разместите ловушки, растения или специальные домики для насекомых в своём углу зелени.
Ведите учет состояния растений и общего климата на вашем участке. Если растения выглядят угнетёнными, возможно, необходимо уменьшить полив или изменить подход к удобрениям. Сильно истощённые особи более подвержены атакам.
Обработка почвы перед зимовкой – важный процесс. Вспашка может помочь уничтожить яйца насекомых, находящихся в верхнем слое почвы. Так вы предотвратите их развитие весной. Используйте метод перекопки, чтобы разрыхлить землю и улучшить её дренаж.
Внимание к компостным кучам также может предотвратить развитие вредной фауны. Проверяйте их на наличие гнилых предметов, к которым могут привлекаться различные насекомые. Своевременная санация компоста уменьшит угрозу инфекций.
Установка металлических или тканевых сеток на растения и клумбы также поможет предотвратить нападение. Убедитесь, что сетки плотно прикрывают растения и обеспечивают доступ света и воздуха.
Имеет смысл продумать регулярные вечерние осмотры, особенно в условиях повышенной влажности. В таких случаях риск распространения вредителей возрастает. Применяйте профилактику во избежание потерь урожая.
Итак, благодаря разнообразным методам борьбы с насекомыми, вы сможете сохранить свои растения даже в непростые периоды. Применяйте комплексный подход, соблюдая меры предосторожности и учитывая особенности каждого типа насекомых.
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